This problem from IIT JAM 2018 is based on calculation of linear transformation. It is Question no. 21 of the IIT JAM 2018 Problem series.
[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version="4.2.2" text_font="Raleway|300|||||||" text_text_color="#ffffff" header_font="Raleway|300|||||||" header_text_color="#e2e2e2" background_color="#0c71c3" custom_margin="10px||10px||false|false" custom_padding="10px|10px|10px|10px|false|false" border_radii="on|5px|5px|5px|5px" box_shadow_style="preset3" inline_fonts="Aclonica"]
The range($ST$) =$S_p\{c_1\}=$ Nullspace($P$).range($P$)=$S_p\{c_2\}=$ Nullspace($ST$)& rank($T$) $=1=$ rank ($S$)But, Nullity of $T=1 \neq 2=$ Nullity of $S$.And dim($U$) = dim($W$) = 2So, the option $(A)$ and $(B)$ are incorrect. [/et_pb_tab][et_pb_tab title="HINT 3" _builder_version="4.2.2"]Consider $U= \mathbb{R}^3,V= \mathbb{R}^4, W= \mathbb{R}^5 $
range ($ST$) = $S_p\{c_1,c_2\}=$ Nullspace($P$)Nullspace ($ST$)=$S_p\{c_3\}$=Range($P$)rank($T$)=$2$=rank($S$)and $P$ is not zero mapSo, option $(D)$ is not correct.Hence option $(C)$ is the one left which has to be true, Now lets prove that. [/et_pb_tab][et_pb_tab title="HINT 4" _builder_version="4.2.2"]We'll prove that $P$ is non zero.Suppose $P=0$$U\longrightarrow V\longrightarrow W$dim($U$) = $4$, dim($V$) =$3$ Now, range ($P$) $=0=$ Nullspace ($ST$) $\Rightarrow ST $ is injective $\Rightarrow T $ is injective $\Rightarrow $ dim ($V\geq 4$) Which is a contradiction.Hence $P=0$And we are done[/et_pb_tab][/et_pb_tabs][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built="1" fullwidth="on" _builder_version="4.2.2" custom_margin="20px||20px||false|false" global_module="50750"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title="College Mathematics Program" button_one_text="Learn more" button_one_url="https://cheenta.com/collegeprogram/" header_image_url="https://cheenta.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/College-1.png" _builder_version="4.2.2" background_color="#12876f" custom_button_one="on" button_one_text_color="#12876f" button_one_bg_color="#ffffff"]The higher mathematics program caters to advanced college and university students. It is useful for I.S.I. M.Math Entrance, GRE Math Subject Test, TIFR Ph.D. Entrance, I.I.T. JAM. The program is problem driven. We work with candidates who have a deep love for mathematics. This program is also useful for adults continuing who wish to rediscover the world of mathematics.
[/et_pb_fullwidth_header][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built="1" fullwidth="on" _builder_version="4.2.2" global_module="50852" saved_tabs="all"][et_pb_fullwidth_post_slider include_categories="12" show_meta="off" image_placement="left" _builder_version="4.2.2" background_color="#0c71c3" custom_button="on" button_text_color="#44580e" button_bg_color="#ffffff" button_border_color="#ffffff" button_border_radius="7px" custom_padding="20px||20px||false|false"][/et_pb_fullwidth_post_slider][/et_pb_section]
Publishing original scientific research in a peer-reviewed journal is an achievement many scholars work toward for years. Achieving this feat early in one's academic journey requires exceptional intellectual rigor, creativity, and persistence. Aaditya Punatar and Muskan Sadana have reached this remarkable milestone, successfully publishing their collaborative research paper in the prestigious Journal of Emerging Investigators […]

Her project on quantum-accelerated Steiner trees for 15-minute cities earned a place among the finalists at the world's largest pre-college STEM competition. Prishaa Shrimali of Marymount School of New York, was selected as a Grand Finalist at the 2026 Regeneron International Science and Engineering Fair (ISEF) in Phoenix, Arizona. Her project was Optimizing Urban Accessibility: […]

In 2026, the following Cheenta students have been successful for Indian Statistical Institute's M.Stat Entrance. They ranked within the first 50 in the entire country in these entrances. I.S.I. M.Stat Entrance

In 2026, the following Cheenta students have been successful for Indian Statistical Institute's B.Stat Entrance and Chennai Mathematical Institute's B.Sc. Math Entrance. They ranked within the first 200 in the entire country in these entrances. Most of these students attended the problem solving workshops regularly, which happen 5 days every week. CMI B.Sc. Math Entrance […]