3. Let a and b are positive real numbers such that a+b = 1. Prove that \( (a^a b^b + a^b b^a \le 1)\)
Solution:
We use the weighted A.M.-G.M. inequality which states that:
\( \frac {w_1 a_1 + w_2 a_2 }{w_1 + w_2} \ge ({a_1}^{w_1} {a_2}^{w_2})^{\frac{1}{w_1 + w_2}} \)
First we put \( w_1 = a , a_1 = a , w_2 = b, a_2 = b\)
Hence we get \( {\frac {aa + bb}{a + b}}\ge (a^a b^b)^{\frac {1}{a + b}}\)
As a+b =1
we have \( a^2 + b^2 \ge (a^ab^b)\) ....(1)
Similarly we put \( w_1 = a , a_1 = b , w_2 = b, a_2 = a\)
Hence we get \( \frac {a b + b a }{a + b} \ge (b^a a^b)^{\frac {1}{a + b}}\)
As a+b =1
we have \( 2ab \ge (b^a a^b)\) ....(2)
Adding (1) and (2) we have
$latex (a^2 + b^2 + 2ab \ge a^a b^b + b^a a^b )$
=> $latex ((a+b)^2 \ge a^a b^b + b^a a^b )$
As a+b =1 we have the desired inequality
$latex (1 \ge a^a b^b + b^a a^b )$.
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