Try this beautiful Problem on Combinatorics from integer based on chocolates from PRMO -2018
Let N be the number of ways of distributing 8 chocolates of different brands among 3 children such that each child gets at least one chocolate, and no two children get the same number of chocolates. Find the sum of the digits of $\mathrm{N}$.
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Combination
Combinatorics
Probability
Pre College Mathematics
Prmo-2018, Problem-28
\(24\)
we have to distribute \(8\) chocolates among \(3\) childrens and the condition is Eight chocolets will be different brands that each child gets at least one chocolate, and no two children get the same number of chocolates. Therefore thr chocolates distributions will be two cases as shown below.....
Now can you finish the problem?
case 1:$(5,2,1)$
Out of \(8\) chocolates one of the boys can get \(5\) chocolates .So \(5\) chocolates can be choosen from \(8\) chocolates in \( 8 \choose 5\) ways.
Therefore remaining chocolates are \(3\) . Out of \(3\) chocolates another one of the boys can get \(2\) chocolates .So \(2\) chocolates can be choosen from \(3\) chocolates in \( 3 \choose 2\) ways.
Therefore remaining chocolates are \(1\) . Out of \(1\) chocolates another one of the boys can get \(1\) chocolates .So \(1\) chocolates can be choosen from \(1\) chocolates in \( 1 \choose 1\) ways.
Therefore number of ways for first case will be \( 8 \choose 5\) \( \times\) \( 3 \choose 2\) \( \times\) \( 1 \choose 1\)\(\times\) $3!$=$\frac{8}{2!.5!.1!}$$\times 3$
Case 2:$(4,3,1)$
Out of \(8\) chocolates one of the boys can get \(4\) chocolates .So \(4\) chocolates can be choosen from \(8\) chocolates in \( 8 \choose 4\) ways.
Therefore remaining chocolates are \(4\) . Out of \(4\) chocolates another one of the boys can get \(3\) chocolates .So \(3\) chocolates can be choosen from \(4\) chocolates in \( 4 \choose 3\) ways.
Therefore remaining chocolates are \(1\) . Out of \(1\) chocolates another one of the boys can get \(1\) chocolates .So \(1\) chocolates can be choosen from \(1\) chocolates in \( 1 \choose 1\) ways.
Therefore number of ways for first case will be \( 8 \choose 4\) \( \times\) \( 4 \choose 3\) \( \times\) \( 1 \choose 1\)\(\times\) $3!$=$\frac{8}{4!.3!.1!}$$\times 3$
Can you finish the problem...?
Therefore require number of ways =$\frac{8}{2!.5!.1!}$$\times 3$+$\frac{8}{4!.3!.1!}$$\times 3$=$24$
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