Mean and Median calculation AMC 8, 2013 Problem 5

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What are we learning ?

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Competency in Focus: Mean and Median calculation

This problem from American Mathematics Contest 8 (AMC 8, 2013) is based on calculation of mean and median. It is Question no. 5 of the AMC 8 2013 Problem series.

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First look at the knowledge graph:-

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Next understand the problem

[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version="4.1" text_font="Raleway||||||||" text_font_size="20px" text_letter_spacing="1px" text_line_height="1.5em" background_color="#f4f4f4" custom_margin="10px||10px" custom_padding="10px|20px|10px|20px" box_shadow_style="preset2"]Hammie is in the $6^\text{th}$ grade and weighs 106 pounds. His quadruplet sisters are tiny babies and weigh 5, 5, 6, and 8 pounds. Which is greater, the average (mean) weight of these five children or the median weight, and by how many pounds?  [/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version="4.0"][et_pb_column type="4_4" _builder_version="3.25" custom_padding="|||" custom_padding__hover="|||"][et_pb_accordion open_toggle_text_color="#0c71c3" _builder_version="4.1" toggle_font="||||||||" body_font="Raleway||||||||" text_orientation="center" custom_margin="10px||10px"][et_pb_accordion_item title="Source of the problem" _builder_version="4.1" open="on"]American Mathematical Contest 2013, AMC 8 Problem 5

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Basic Statistics and Data Representation mainly calculation of mean and median.

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Start with hints 

[/et_pb_text][et_pb_tabs _builder_version="4.1"][et_pb_tab title="HINT 0" _builder_version="4.0.9"]Do you really need a hint? Try it first![/et_pb_tab][et_pb_tab title="HINT 1" _builder_version="4.1"]

Let us first find the median of the weight of the five children. For this, we first have to arrange the weights of the five children in increasing order. As we know, the median is the middle value, if there is an odd number of observations, and if there is an even number of observations, it is the average of the two middle values. Thus, lining up the numbers (5, 5, 6, 8, 106), we see that it  is 6 pounds.

[/et_pb_tab][et_pb_tab title="HINT 2" _builder_version="4.1"]Now what we have to find is the mean of the weights of five children .The average weight of the five kids is $\dfrac{5+5+6+8+106}{5} = \dfrac{130}{5} = 26$.[/et_pb_tab][et_pb_tab title="HINT 3" _builder_version="4.1"]The median here is obviously less than the mean.[/et_pb_tab][et_pb_tab title="HINT 4" _builder_version="4.1"]Therefore, the average weight is bigger than median weight , by $26-6 = 20$ pounds, making the answer , average by 20.[/et_pb_tab][/et_pb_tabs][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built="1" fullwidth="on" _builder_version="4.2.2" global_module="50833"][et_pb_fullwidth_header title="AMC - AIME Program" button_one_text="Learn More" button_one_url="https://cheenta.com/amc-aime-usamo-math-olympiad-program/" header_image_url="https://cheenta.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/matholympiad.png" _builder_version="4.2.2" background_color="#00457a" custom_button_one="on" button_one_text_color="#44580e" button_one_bg_color="#ffffff" button_one_border_color="#ffffff" button_one_border_radius="5px"]

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Calculating the median of observations AMC 8 2014 Problem 24

What are we learning ?
Competency in Focus: Calculating the median of even number of observations

This problem from American Mathematics contest (AMC 8, 2014) is based on maximising median of even number of observations.

The Problem

One day the Beverage Barn sold 252 cans of soda to 100 customers, and every customer bought at least one can of soda. What is the maximum possible median number of cans of soda bought per customer on that day?

(A) 2.5
(B) 3.0
(C) 3.5
(D) 4.0
(E) 4.5

First look at the knowledge graph.

Next understand the problem

American Mathematical Contest 2014, AMC 8 Problem 24
Calculation of median for even number of observations .
Challenges and Thrills in Pre College Mathematics
Excursion Of Mathematics 

Start with hints

Hint 1
Suppose the numbers of cans purchased by the 100 customers are listed in increasing order.Now median is the average of the 50th and 51th numbers in the ordered list.

Hint 2
Now look -How can you maximise the median ?

Hint 3
In order to maximize the median, we need to make the first half of the numbers as small as possible. To minimise the median ,minimise the first 49 numbers by taking them all to be 1.As given  every customer bought at least one can of soda.


Hint 4
To minimize the first 49, they would each have one can. If the 50th number is 4,then the sum of all 100 numbers would  at least 49+51.4=253, which is too large .If instead the 50th number is 3 and the following numbers all equal 4 ,then the sum of the 100 numbers is 49+3+50.4=252.Now it's fine right!Thus the median is the average of 

Thus our answer is 3.5.

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